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技術(shù)文章您現(xiàn)在的位置:首頁 > 技術(shù)文章 > 嘔吐毒素檢測(cè)儀校準(zhǔn)全流程詳解:從理論到實(shí)操
嘔吐毒素檢測(cè)儀校準(zhǔn)全流程詳解:從理論到實(shí)操
更新時(shí)間:2025-08-22   點(diǎn)擊次數(shù):17次
  嘔吐毒素檢測(cè)儀是糧食、飼料行業(yè)檢測(cè)脫氧雪腐鐮刀菌烯醇(DON)的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備,其校準(zhǔn)準(zhǔn)確性直接決定檢測(cè)結(jié)果可信度。校準(zhǔn)需遵循“理論對(duì)標(biāo)-實(shí)操落地-結(jié)果驗(yàn)證”邏輯,以下從理論依據(jù)與實(shí)操流程兩方面展開詳解。?
 
  一、校準(zhǔn)理論依據(jù):明確標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與核心參數(shù)?
 
  校準(zhǔn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與周期?
 
  需依據(jù)《GB/T 23503-2021食品中脫氧雪腐鐮刀菌烯醇的測(cè)定》及儀器說明書,校準(zhǔn)周期通常為6個(gè)月(高頻使用場(chǎng)景縮短至3個(gè)月),若檢測(cè)結(jié)果偏差超±10%或儀器維修后,需立即校準(zhǔn)。?
 
  核心校準(zhǔn)參數(shù)?
 
  聚焦3項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵指標(biāo):一是靈敏度(檢測(cè)限需≤0.1mg/kg,符合行業(yè)較低檢出要求);二是準(zhǔn)確性(檢測(cè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品的誤差≤±8%);三是重復(fù)性(同一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品連續(xù)檢測(cè)3次,相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差RSD≤5%),確保儀器穩(wěn)定輸出可靠數(shù)據(jù)。?
 
  二、全流程實(shí)操步驟:從準(zhǔn)備到驗(yàn)證?
 
  1.校準(zhǔn)前準(zhǔn)備(1小時(shí))?
 
  工具與試劑:準(zhǔn)備經(jīng)計(jì)量認(rèn)證的嘔吐毒素標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品(濃度梯度0.1mg/kg、0.5mg/kg、1.0mg/kg)、空白谷物基質(zhì)(如未污染的小麥粉)、校準(zhǔn)專用稀釋液(甲醇-水=7:3)、移液槍(精度±1μL)、pH計(jì)(精度±0.01pH);?
 
  儀器與環(huán)境:將檢測(cè)儀開機(jī)預(yù)熱30分鐘,確保環(huán)境溫度23℃±2℃、濕度45%-65%RH,用無塵布清潔儀器進(jìn)樣口與檢測(cè)通道,避免雜質(zhì)干擾。?
 
  2.基質(zhì)校準(zhǔn):消除基質(zhì)效應(yīng)干擾?
 
  取空白谷物基質(zhì),按儀器說明書的前處理流程(研磨→提取→過濾)制備空白液,注入檢測(cè)儀,記錄“空白值”(需≤0.02mg/kg,若超標(biāo)需重新制備空白基質(zhì));?
 
  向空白基質(zhì)中添加不同濃度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品,配制0.1mg/kg、0.5mg/kg、1.0mg/kg的模擬樣本,按前處理流程制備后逐一檢測(cè),記錄儀器顯示值,計(jì)算“基質(zhì)校正系數(shù)”(校正系數(shù)=標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品實(shí)際濃度/儀器檢測(cè)濃度,需在0.95-1.05范圍內(nèi))。?
 
  3.線性與準(zhǔn)確性校準(zhǔn):驗(yàn)證檢測(cè)范圍?
 
  用校準(zhǔn)專用稀釋液將標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品稀釋為0.05mg/kg、0.2mg/kg、0.8mg/kg、1.5mg/kg的梯度溶液,依次注入檢測(cè)儀,每個(gè)濃度檢測(cè)3次,記錄平均檢測(cè)值;?
 
  以“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品濃度”為橫坐標(biāo)、“儀器檢測(cè)值”為縱坐標(biāo)繪制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線,線性相關(guān)系數(shù)R²需≥0.999;同時(shí)計(jì)算各濃度的檢測(cè)誤差(誤差=|檢測(cè)值-標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值|/標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值×100%),確保誤差≤±8%,若不達(dá)標(biāo)需進(jìn)入儀器參數(shù)界面調(diào)整“線性校正因子”。?
 
  4.重復(fù)性與穩(wěn)定性校準(zhǔn):保障數(shù)據(jù)可靠?
 
  取0.5mg/kg的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品溶液,連續(xù)檢測(cè)6次,計(jì)算相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差RSD(需≤5%),若RSD超標(biāo),檢查進(jìn)樣量是否一致(調(diào)整移液器至100μL±1μL)或檢測(cè)通道是否污染(用清洗液沖洗3次);?
 
  校準(zhǔn)完成后,放置1小時(shí)再檢測(cè)0.5mg/kg標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品,對(duì)比前后檢測(cè)值,偏差需≤±3%,驗(yàn)證儀器穩(wěn)定性,避免短期漂移。?
 
  5.校準(zhǔn)后驗(yàn)證與記錄?
 
  取一份已知濃度的質(zhì)控樣品(如0.3mg/kg),按正常檢測(cè)流程操作,檢測(cè)值與質(zhì)控樣品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值的偏差需≤±5%,確認(rèn)校準(zhǔn)有效;?
 
  填寫《嘔吐毒素檢測(cè)儀校準(zhǔn)記錄表》,記錄校準(zhǔn)日期、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品信息、校正系數(shù)、線性相關(guān)系數(shù)等數(shù)據(jù),粘貼校準(zhǔn)標(biāo)簽(標(biāo)注校準(zhǔn)日期與下次校準(zhǔn)時(shí)間),歸檔校準(zhǔn)證書。?
 
  三、關(guān)鍵注意事項(xiàng)?
 
  標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品需在有效期內(nèi)使用,開封后單次用完,避免反復(fù)凍融;?
 
  若儀器為免疫層析類,需確保檢測(cè)卡與儀器型號(hào)匹配,且在2-8℃冷藏保存;?
 
  校準(zhǔn)中若出現(xiàn)異常(如標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線線性差),優(yōu)先聯(lián)系廠家技術(shù)人員,避免自行拆解儀器,確保校準(zhǔn)合規(guī)性與安全性。?
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深圳市芬析儀器制造有限公司

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